3分pk10-(中国)360百科

Spotlight: Turkey-Russia-Iran trio aims to mitigate effects of U.S. sanctions, push Washington for talks

Source: Xinhua| 2018-08-14 16:43:08|Editor: zh
Video PlayerClose

WASHINGTON, Aug. 14 (Xinhua) -- The past week has seen Washington slap a raft of punitive actions on Iran, Russia and Turkey. In response, the three countries have enhanced their coordination, which, in the eyes of U.S. experts, aims to soften the blow of the sanctions and push Washington towards talks to settle disagreements.

U.S. ACTIONS TARGETED

The United States announced on Aug. 6 that it would re-impose sanctions on Iran that had been suspended under a landmark 2015 nuclear deal. The first batch of sanctions took effect on Aug. 7, and targeted Tehran's purchase of U.S. banknotes, trade in gold and other precious metals, the use of graphite, aluminum, steel, coal, and software used in industrial processes.

Another round of sanctions, to be reinstalled on Nov. 5, will be slapped on Iran's port, energy, shipping and shipbuilding sectors, its petroleum-related transactions, and business deals by foreign financial institutions with the Central Bank of Iran.

On Aug. 8, the U.S. State Department announced the United States would impose new sanctions on Russia over its alleged poisoning of an ex-spy and his daughter in Britain. According to senior State Department officials, the first phase of sanctions will ban the granting of licenses to sell "all national-security sensitive goods or technologies" to Russia.

Unless Russia, within three months since the sanctions become effective, provides "reliable assurances" that it will no longer engage in chemical weapons use and allows on-site inspections by the United Nations or other internationally recognized impartial observers, the second batch of "more draconian" sanctions will be imposed. These would deal a blow to some 70 percent of the Russian economy and result in an approximately 40-percent fall in the workforce.

Later on Aug. 10, U.S. President Donald Trump tweeted that he has authorized to double the tariffs on steel and aluminum products from Turkey to 50 percent and 20 percent respectively.

Earlier this month, Washington has slapped sanction on two Turkish ministers. Trump's announcement further led to a nosedive in the nation's currency lira to an all-time low against the U.S. dollar.

Analysts believed that the U.S. actions, as sudden as they appeared, were actually quite targeted: Iran's energy has been part of its livelihood, and the ban on its rights to purchase dollars would deprive the country of its ability to trade on a dollar-dominant world trade system.

The actions against Russia would affect almost all of its state-funded enterprises, taking a toll on the Russian economy.

The tariffs on Turkey have added to the pressure on the country's currency as well as the financial markets of the region.

David Pollock, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, told Xinhua that the United States' actions' main goal was to create "a lot of popular anger" inside the countries.

"I think that that's really the main goal of applying this leverage in order to get the people to put pressure on their own governments, to change the policies," he said.

TRIANGULAR REALIGNMENT

The responses of the three nations to the U.S. pressure campaign show a tilt towards realignment.

After Trump's tariff tweets, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan called his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin over bilateral and regional issues, vowing to continue cooperating on defense and energy.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov will visit Ankara on Monday to meet with his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu, in a bid to discuss their economic and trade ties, in particular the building of the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant and the Turkish Stream Gas pipeline. Any substantive agreement on energy cooperation would be a much-wanted boost to the fuel-thirsty Middle East nation.

There were also signs of increasing coordination between Iran and Russia. Soon after the United States announced it would reimpose sanctions on Iran, Russia vowed to safeguard its economic and trade ties with Iran on the national level, and explore plans to work with other parties to promote economic cooperation with Tehran.

On Sunday, the two nations, together with Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan, signed an agreement for the collective use of the Caspian sea, the world's largest inland body of water.

The five nations promised to strengthen regional trade and economic ties and to ban non-littoral states from deploying military force on the sea, which essentially prevents external countries from intervening in regional issues with military power.

Ties between Ankara and Tehran have also been warming up. Erdogan said Turkey has many alternative parties to work with economically. In support of Turkey, Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif tweeted that "Trump's jubilation in inflicting economic hardship on its NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) ally Turkey is shameful."

Darrell West, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, told Xinhua that as the three countries are "the subject of sanctions from the United States, they are uniting to blunt the economic impact of the sanctions and help each other weather the crisis."

"That union could sway the power balance within the Middle East by recalibrating existing policies. For example, Turkey hosts a U.S. military base that supplies troops in Iraq and Erdogan could threaten to slow deliveries in response to the sanctions," he said.

Benjamin Friedman, a foreign policy fellow and defense scholar at Defense Priorities, a Washington-based think tank, also told Xinhua that "the three nations are cooperating in limited ways, largely around the war in Syria."

"That pits them against the United States diplomatically in Syria," he said. "I will say, however, that Iran's decent relations with various powers, including the three you mentioned, plus China, Iraq and even European states, makes it harder for the Trump administration to isolate it."

IMPROMPTU REALIGNMENT FOR DIALOGUE WITH U.S.

Analysts believed that the Moscow-Ankara-Tehran trio was more impromptu than calculated, not to mention its slim chance of replacing diplomatic ties with Washington. Moreover, the three countries' divergence on regional issues like Syria also limited the prospect for further engagement.

The trio was believed to also seek to pressure Washington to minimize its preconditions for talks and maximize its willingness to solve the bilateral disagreement with each nation.

Defense Priorities' Friedman said to say the three nations are confronting Washington "goes too far," since "their alignment remains limited."

"Turkey and Russia's recent cooperation is important for NATO, Syria and other things, but has not reshuffled the balance of power broadly," he said. "Keep in mind that Turkey, for all its trouble with the U.S., is still a NATO ally, and NATO exists to potentially confront Russia."

Moreover, it is the U.S. policies in the Middle East that drive the limited cooperation of these countries, Friedman said. "Their alignment will likely break down if we quit meddling in the region's conflicts, especially Syria."

Under such considerations, the three nations, besides trading barbs with Washington, did not miss an opportunity to offer to hold talks with the United States.

Dan Mahaffee, senior vice president and director of policy at the Center for the Study of the Presidency and Congress, told Xinhua that although Turkey has long been pursuing a range of policies that diverge from the United States and its NATO allies -- both in a range of internal political matters as well as foreign policy -- its past economic growth has been driven by a greater connection to Europe and the region rather than further afield, though Erdogan is seeking to realign the nation.

"Perhaps the challenge he faces is that it was not yet realigned enough, and, as a result, Turkey will have to feel economic pain" before it can re-pivot to Russia and other nations, he said.

(Matthew Rusling from Washington also contributed to the story.)

TOP STORIES
EDITOR’S CHOICE
MOST VIEWED
EXPLORE XINHUANET
010020070750000000000000011100001373895501
快3彩票购彩平台 大发彩票welcome 彩神 5分pk10 乐彩彩票 快三网站 大众购彩 一分11选5 极速快3 五分快乐十分 大发购彩中心 乐发lll 大发welcome 大发系列平台 东方彩票 五五世纪平台 凤凰快3 乐发IV彩票购彩中心 彩88 凤凰彩票官方网站 5分pk10 五五世纪 山西快3 55世纪购彩平台 乐发lx Welcome彩神 乐发3彩票APP 购彩中心 55世纪-购彩大厅 大发云app 星辰阁彩票购彩大厅 彩神v 大发彩票购彩平台 5分快3 快三彩票购彩平台 大發3分快3 快3平台 乐彩彩票 大发彩票快乐8 乐发IV welcome手机购彩 大众购彩 天天中平台 快盈IV500 幸运快三 买大小平台赚钱 1分快3 彩神彩票购彩平台 大发pk10 彩信平台 三分11选5 快3购彩中心 乐发ll下载app 彩神Welcome登录入口 乐发 采彡神争霸 快盈iv 神彩v8 55世纪官网 大发彩票www官方 凤凰彩票 10分快三 快三彩票官方网站 五分飞艇 乐发彩票官方网站 乐发Vll 大发快乐8官网 乐发app 大发彩票welcome 幸运5分彩 百姓快3 百度彩票 彩神网 大发彩票 3分快三 快3彩票 一分11选5 极速快3 五分快乐十分 大发购彩中心 乐发lll 大发welcome 大发系列平台 东方彩票 五五世纪平台 凤凰快3 乐发IV彩票购彩中心 彩88 凤凰彩票官方网站 5分pk10 55世纪 重庆快3 55世纪官方网站 乐发VI 彩神 乐发Ⅲ welcome大发彩票 大发购彩大厅welcome 百姓快三 名发app PK彩票 大发彩票购彩平台 5分快3 快三彩票购彩平台 大發3分快3 快3平台 乐彩彩票 大发彩票快乐8 乐发IV welcome手机购彩 五分快三 10元投资彩票赚钱平台 鼎发彩票 彩神iv争霸 网信快3 一分快3 凤凰彩票app下载 3分pk10 乐彩 湖南快3 快3购彩平台 乐发lv 彩神Welcome入口 乐发1 彩神8 百姓彩票welcome 一分三可空降可约app下载 彩神ix 彩票宝 大发彩票app下载 10分快3 快3彩神官方网站 四川快3 乐发彩票购彩平台 乐发彩票ll 大发快乐8官方网站 乐发app下载 welcome凤凰彩票 万乐彩 在线快3 百度彩票 彩神网 大发彩票 3分快三 快3彩票 一分11选5 极速快3 五分快乐十分 大发购彩中心 乐发lll 彩神welcome 乐发网投平台 网信彩票 优彩彩票 彩神8v 网信快三 乐乐彩 凤凰彩票购彩平台 10分pk10 55世纪 重庆快3 55世纪官方网站 乐发VI 彩神 乐发Ⅲ welcome大发彩票 大发购彩大厅welcome 百姓快三 名发app PK彩票 大发彩票购彩平台 5分快3 快三彩票购彩平台 大發3分快3 快3平台 分分快3 大发快乐8 乐发ll welcome购彩中心 五分快三 10元投资彩票赚钱平台 鼎发彩票 彩神iv争霸 网信快3 一分快3 凤凰彩票app下载 3分pk10 乐彩 湖南快3 55世纪购彩平台 乐发lx Welcome彩神 乐发3彩票APP 购彩中心 55世纪-购彩大厅 大发云app 星辰阁彩票购彩大厅 彩神v 大发彩票官方网站 五分快3 快3彩票购彩平台 三分PK10 乐发彩票 乐发国际 大发快乐8购彩平台 乐发III 手机购彩 一分快3平台 彩神v8 快三网站 天天彩票 快三平台 1分快三 彩神彩票官方网站 大发三分快3 极速快三 三分PC蛋蛋 彩神购彩中心 乐发lll下载 彩神welcome 乐发网投平台 网信彩票 优彩彩票 彩神8v 网信快三 乐乐彩 凤凰彩票购彩平台 10分pk10 快三彩票官方网站 五分飞艇 乐发彩票官方网站 乐发Vll 大发快乐8官网 乐发app 大发彩票welcome 幸运5分彩 百姓快3 vip彩票购彩大厅 直播快三 彩神彩票 3分快3 快三彩票 大發5分快3 极速快3购彩平台 分分快3 大发快乐8 乐发ll welcome购彩中心 五分快三 10元投资彩票赚钱平台 鼎发彩票 彩神iv争霸 网信快3 一分快3 凤凰彩票app下载 3分pk10 乐彩 湖南快3 快3购彩平台 乐发lv 彩神Welcome入口 乐发3彩票APP 购彩中心 55世纪-购彩大厅 大发云app 星辰阁彩票购彩大厅 彩神v 大发彩票购彩平台 5分快3 快三彩票购彩平台 大發3分快3 快3平台 乐彩彩票 大发彩票快乐8 乐发IV welcome手机购彩 大众购彩 天天中平台 快盈IV500 幸运快三 买大小平台赚钱 1分快3 彩神彩票购彩平台 大发pk10 彩信平台 三分11选5 快3购彩中心 乐发ll下载app 彩神Welcome登录入口 乐发 采彡神争霸 快盈iv 神彩v8 55世纪官网 大发彩票www官方 凤凰彩票 10分快三 快三彩票官方网站 五分飞艇 乐发彩票官方网站 乐发Vll 大发快乐8官网 乐发app 大发彩票welcome 幸运5分彩 百姓快3 百度彩票 彩神网 大发彩票 3分快三 快3彩票 一分11选5 极速快3 五分快乐十分 大发购彩中心 乐发lll 大发welcome 大发系列平台 东方彩票 五五世纪平台 凤凰快3 乐发IV彩票购彩中心 彩88 凤凰彩票官方网站 5分pk10 五五世纪 山西快3 55世纪购彩平台 乐发lx Welcome彩神 乐发3彩票APP 购彩中心 55世纪-购彩大厅 大发云app 星辰阁彩票购彩大厅 彩神v 大发彩票官方网站 五分快3 快3彩票购彩平台 三分PK10 乐发彩票 乐发国际 大发快乐8购彩平台 乐发III 手机购彩 一分快3平台 10元投资彩票赚钱平台 鼎发彩票 彩神iv争霸 网信快3 一分快3 凤凰彩票app下载 3分pk10 乐彩 湖南快3 快3购彩平台 乐发lv 彩神Welcome入口 乐发1 彩神8 百姓彩票welcome 一分三可空降可约app下载 彩神ix 彩票宝 大发彩票app下载 10分快3 快3彩神官方网站 四川快3 乐发彩票购彩平台 乐发彩票ll 大发快乐8官方网站 乐发app下载 welcome凤凰彩票 万乐彩 在线快3 百度彩票 彩神网 大发彩票 3分快三 快3彩票 一分11选5 极速快3 五分快乐十分 大发购彩中心 乐发lll 彩神welcome 乐发网投平台 网信彩票 优彩彩票 彩神8v 网信快三 乐乐彩 凤凰彩票购彩平台 10分pk10 55世纪 重庆快3 55世纪官方网站 乐发VI 彩神 乐发Ⅲ welcome大发彩票 大发购彩大厅welcome 百姓快三 名发app PK彩票 大发彩票购彩平台 5分快3 快三彩票购彩平台 大發3分快3 快3平台 乐彩彩票 大发彩票快乐8 乐发IV welcome手机购彩 大众购彩 天天中平台 快盈IV500 幸运快三 买大小平台赚钱 1分快3 彩神彩票购彩平台 大发pk10 彩信平台 三分11选5 快3购彩平台 乐发lv 彩神Welcome入口 乐发1 彩神8 百姓彩票welcome 一分三可空降可约app下载 星辰阁彩票购彩大厅 彩神v 大发彩票官方网站 五分快3 快3彩票购彩平台 三分PK10 乐发彩票 乐发国际 大发快乐8购彩平台 乐发III 手机购彩 一分快3平台 彩神v8 快三网站 天天彩票 快三平台 1分快三 彩神彩票官方网站 大发三分快3 极速快三 三分PC蛋蛋 彩神购彩中心 乐发lll下载 彩神welcome 乐发网投平台 网信彩票